Yintoni i-inductor?

Ulawulo lweMizi-mveliso lwaseBingsen lwantlandlolo

I-Inductance luphawu olubonakalayo kwisekethe oluchaza indlela iinxalenye zesekethe ezimelana ngayo notshintsho kumbane kwaye zivelise i-voltage. Ukuchaza le ngcamango ngokweenkcukacha nangokwemigaqo yabantu abaqhelekileyo, makhe siyihlolisise kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:

1. Intsimi yangoku kunye nemagnethi
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba xa umbane udlula kwintambo, uvelisa intsimi yemagnethi. Lo ngumgaqo osisiseko we-electromagnetism. Amandla entsimi yemagnethi axhomekeke kubukhulu bombane: okukhona umbane umkhulu, kokukhona intsimi yemagnethi inamandla ngakumbi.

2. Ukungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic
Okulandelayo, siza kwazisa i-electromagnetic induction. Umthetho kaFaraday we-electromagnetic induction usixelela ukuba i-magnetic field etshintshayo inokuvelisa i-voltage kwii-conductors ezingqongileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba une-magnetic field kwaye amandla ayo atshintsha, inokuthi "ivuse" okanye "ibangele" i-voltage kwiingcingo ezikufutshane.

3. Umsebenzi we-inductance
Ngoko ke, i-inductance isebenza njani? Xa unentambo (njenge-coil) kwaye ufaka umbane ngaphakathi, kuya kuveliswa i-magnetic field. Ukuba i-current iqala ukutshintsha (ukwanda okanye ukuncipha), i-magnetic field eyijikelezileyo nayo iya kutshintsha. Ngokomthetho kaFaraday, le magnetic field etshintshayo iya kuvelisa i-voltage ebangelwa yintambo, ezama ukugcina ukuhamba kombane wokuqala kungatshintshanga. Le meko yindlela yokubonakalisa i-inductance.

Ukuba umbane uyanda, i-inductor iya kuvelisa i-voltage ebuyela umva, izama ukunciphisa umbane. Ukuba umbane uyancipha, i-inductor iya kuvelisa i-voltage engaphambili, izama ukwandisa umbane. Yiyo loo nto ii-inductors ngamanye amaxesha zichazwa njenge-"inertia" yombane, ezichasa utshintsho kumbane.

4. Ikhoyili kunye ne-Inductance
Kwiindlela ezisebenzayo, ukuze kwandiswe isiphumo sokungenisa umoya, iingcingo zihlala zibotshelelwe kwimo yeekhoyili. Ingcingo nganye engaphakathi kwekhoyili iya kuchaphazelana ngenxa yentsimi yemagnethi eveliswa ziikhoyili ezikufutshane, nto leyo eya kwenza ukuba ukungenisa umoya kwekhoyili yonke kube kukhulu kakhulu kunokomqhubi othe tye.

5. Isicelo
Ii-inductors zinezicelo ezininzi ezisebenzayo. Umzekelo, kwizixhobo zamandla, ii-inductors zingasetyenziselwa ukuthambisa ukuguquguquka kwe-voltage; Kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo, zisetyenziswa kunye nee-capacitors ukwenza iisekethe ze-oscillation ezinokucoca imiqondiso yeefrikhwensi ezithile.

(1) Isihluzi samandla
Ii-inductors zisetyenziswa kwiisekethe zamandla, ingakumbi ekutshintsheni izixhobo zamandla, ukuze zilungise umbane kunye ne-voltage, zinciphise ingxolo kunye nee-spikes. Zisetyenziselwa ukucinezela ingxolo ye-frequency ephezulu kwaye zibonelela ngamandla e-DC azinzileyo kwiisekethe.
(2) Ukukhethwa kweSekethe eHlaziyayo kunye noKhetho lweeFrequency
Ii-inductors kunye nee-capacitors zisetyenziswa kunye ukuseka iisekethe eziphendulayo ezinokukhetha okanye zokwandisa imiqondiso kwiifrequensi ezithile. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwizixhobo zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo ezifana neeradiyo kunye neefowuni eziphathwayo, njengoko zinokusetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye nokulungisa iifrequensi.

(3) Ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokudluliselwa kwamandla
Ii-inductors zisebenza njengezixhobo zokugcina amandla kwiisekethe, ngakumbi kwizibonelelo zamandla e-pulse kunye nezicelo zokugcina amandla okwethutyana. Kwii-transformers, ii-inductors zisetyenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla phakathi kweesekethe ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa i-magnetic coupling kwaye zivumela utshintsho kwi-voltage kunye namanqanaba angoku.
(4) Ukunciphisa ukhuseleko lwangoku kunye nolwangoku olugqithisileyo
Kwiisekethe zokuqala nezombane zeemoto zombane, ii-inductors zinokunciphisa isantya sokunyuka kwangoku kunye nomsinga ophezulu, ngaloo ndlela zibonelela ngokhuseleko lwangoku olugqithisileyo kwaye zithintele umonakalo kwisekethe.

(5) Ukucubungula isignali
Kwinkqubo yesignali ye-analog, ii-inductors zisetyenziselwa ukucoca imiqondiso ye-high-frequency, i-match impedance, kunye ne-delay signals. Ziqhelekile kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zoyilo lwe-filter.
(6) Uxinzelelo lokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI)
I-inductance isetyenziselwa ukucinezela nokucoca ukuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic (EMI), okunokuthintela ingxolo ukuba ingangeni kwisekethe kwaye kuthintele ingxolo ukuba ikhutshwe kwisekethe, ngaloo ndlela kuthintelwe ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izixhobo.

(7) Izinzwa
Kwezinye iiteknoloji zesensor, ii-inductors zisetyenziselwa ukubona utshintsho kwiindawo zemagnethi, ezinokunxulunyaniswa nendawo, isantya, okanye ezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.
(8) Ukulungiswa kwezinto zamandla
Kwiinkqubo zamandla e-AC, ii-inductors kunye nee-capacitors zisetyenziswa kunye ukuphucula amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okusabela, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane.

6. Iyunithi yokulinganisa
Iyunithi ye-inductance nguHenry (H), obizwa ngegama lesazinzulu saseMelika uJoseph Henry. Ukuba i-inductance ye-coil yi-1 Henry, ngoko ngalo lonke ixesha i-current itshintsha ngesantya se-1 ampere ngomzuzwana, iya kuvelisa i-voltage ebangelwa yi-1 volt kwi-coil.

isishwankathelo
Ngoko ke, ngokubanzi, i-inductance luphawu lwenxalenye echasayo utshintsho kumbane ngokuvelisa i-voltage ebuyela umva ngaphakathi kwenxalenye ukuze kuliwe notshintsho olukhawulezileyo kumbane. Lo mgaqo ulula uneendlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kubuchwepheshe be-elektroniki kunye nobunjineli bombane, ukusuka ekuhluzeni amandla okulula ukuya ekuhlengahlengiseni amaza erediyo antsonkothileyo.