Kukho iimfuno zobugcisa ezihambelanayo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeetransformer, ezinokubonakaliswa ngeeparameter zobugcisa ezihambelanayo. Umzekelo, iiparameter zobugcisa eziphambili zetransformer yamandla ziquka: amandla alinganisiweyo, umlinganiselo wevolthi kunye nombane olinganisiweyo, umlinganiselo wefrequency olinganisiweyo, umgangatho wobushushu bokusebenza, ukunyuka kobushushu, izinga lokulawula ivolthi, ukusebenza kwe-insulation kunye nokumelana nokufuma. Kwiitransformer eziqhelekileyo ezinefrequency ephantsi, iiparameter zobugcisa eziphambili zezi: umlinganiselo wotshintsho, iimpawu zefrequency, ukuphambuka okungeyomgca, ukhuselo lwemagnethi kunye nokhuselo lwe-electrostatic, ukusebenza kakuhle, njl.
Iiparameter eziphambili ze-transformer ziquka umlinganiselo we-voltage, iimpawu ze-frequency, amandla alinganisiweyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
(IsiNgesi)1）Isabelo seVolthi
Ubudlelwane phakathi komlinganiselo we-voltage n we-transformer kunye nokujika kunye ne-voltage ye-primary kunye ne-secondary windings yile ilandelayo: n=V1/V2=N1/N2 apho i-N1 ikwi-primary (primary) winding ye-transformer, i-N2 yi-secondary (secondary) winding, i-V1 yi-voltage kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-primary winding, kwaye i-V2 yi-voltage kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-secondary winding. Umlinganiselo we-voltage n we-step-up transformer ungaphantsi kwe-1, umlinganiselo we-voltage n we-step-down transformer mkhulu kune-1, kwaye umlinganiselo we-voltage we-isolation transformer ulingana ne-1.
(IsiNgesi)2）Amandla alinganisiweyo P Le parameter isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiitransformer zamandla. Ibhekisa kumandla okukhupha xa itransformer yamandla inokusebenza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokudlula ubushushu obuchaziweyo phantsi kwesantya sokusebenza esichaziweyo kunye nevolthi. Amandla alinganisiweyo etransformer anxulumene nendawo yecandelo lentsimbi, ububanzi bentambo enamelled, njl. Itransformer inendawo enkulu yecandelo lentsimbi, ububanzi bentambo enamelled kunye namandla amakhulu okukhupha.
(IsiNgesi)3）Uphawu lwefrikhwensi Uphawu lwefrikhwensi lubhekisa ekubeni itransformer inoluhlu oluthile lwefrikhwensi yokusebenza, kwaye iitransformer ezinefrikhwensi yokusebenza ezahlukeneyo azinakutshintshwa. Xa itransformer isebenza ngaphaya koluhlu lwayo lwefrikhwensi, ubushushu buya kunyuka okanye itransformer ayizukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
(IsiNgesi)4）Ukusebenza kakuhle kubhekisa kumlinganiselo wamandla okukhupha kunye namandla okufaka e-transformer kumthwalo olinganiselweyo. Eli xabiso lihambelana namandla okukhupha e-transformer, oko kukuthi, amandla okukhupha e-transformer aphezulu, kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu; Okukhona amandla okukhupha e-transformer emancinci, kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi. Ixabiso lokusebenza kakuhle le-transformer ngokubanzi liphakathi kwe-60% kunye ne-100%.
Ngamandla alinganisiweyo, umlinganiselo wamandla okukhupha kunye namandla okufaka e-transformer ubizwa ngokuba yi-transformer efficiency, oko kukuthi
η= x100%
Phiη Ngaba ukusebenza kakuhle kwetransformer; i-P1 ngamandla okufaka kwaye i-P2 ngamandla okukhupha.
Xa amandla okukhupha i-P2 ye-transformer elingana namandla okufaka i-P1, ukusebenza kakuhleη Ilingana ne-100%, i-transformer ayizukubangela lahleko. Kodwa eneneni, ayikho i-transformer enjalo. Xa i-transformer ithumela amandla ombane, isoloko ivelisa ilahleko, eziquka ikakhulu ukulahleka kobhedu kunye nokulahleka kwesinyithi.
Ukulahleka kobhedu kubhekisa ekulahlekelweni okubangelwa kukumelana kwekhoyili yetransformer. Xa umbane ufudunyezwa ngokuxhathisa kwekhoyili, inxalenye yamandla ombane iya kuguqulwa ibe ngamandla obushushu kwaye ilahleke. Njengoko ikhoyili idla ngokulinyazwa ngocingo lobhedu olugqunyiweyo, ibizwa ngokuba kukulahleka kobhedu.
Ukulahleka kwesinyithi kwetransformer kubandakanya iinkalo ezimbini. Enye kukulahleka kwe-hysteresis. Xa umsinga we-AC udlula kwitransformer, indlela kunye nobukhulu bomgca wamandla wemagnethi odlula kwiphepha lesinyithi lesilicon letransformer ziya kutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iimolekyuli ezingaphakathi kwiphepha lesinyithi lesilicon zigudlane kwaye zikhuphe amandla obushushu, ngaloo ndlela zilahlekelwe yinxalenye yamandla ombane, abizwa ngokuba yi-hysteresis loss. Enye kukulahleka komsinga we-eddy, xa itransformer isebenza. Kukho umgca wamandla wemagnethi odlula kwisiseko sesinyithi, kwaye umsinga obangelwayo uya kuveliswa kwiplane ethe nkqo kumgca wamandla wemagnethi. Ekubeni lo msinga wenza iluphu evaliweyo kwaye ujikeleza ngendlela ye-whirlpool, ubizwa ngokuba yi-eddy current. Ubukho bomsinga we-eddy benza umsinga wesinyithi ushushu kwaye udle amandla, abizwa ngokuba yi-eddy current loss.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer kunxulumene kakhulu nenqanaba lamandla e-transformer. Ngokubanzi, amandla amakhulu, kokukhona amandla okulahleka kunye nemveliso encipha, kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amandla amancinci, kokukhona ukusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-07-2022
