Ziziphi iiparamitha eziphambili ze-transformer?

Kukho iimfuno ezihambelanayo zobuchwepheshe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-transformers, ezinokubonakaliswa ngeeparitha zobugcisa ezihambelanayo.Umzekelo, ezona milinganiselo ziphambili zobugcisa zoguqulo lwamandla zibandakanya: amandla alinganisiweyo, umlinganiselo olinganisiweyo wombane kunye nomlinganiselo wombane, umlinganiselo wokulinganiswa, ibakala lobushushu obusebenzayo, ukunyuka kobushushu, izinga lolawulo lombane, ukusebenza kwe-insulation kunye nokuxhathisa ukufuma.Kwiinguqu eziqhelekileyo ezisezantsi, iiparitha eziphambili zobugcisa zezi: umlinganiselo wokuguqulwa, iimpawu zefrikhwensi, ukuphazamiseka okungahambi kakuhle, ukukhuselwa kwamagnetic kunye nokukhusela i-electrostatic, ukusebenza kakuhle, njl.

Iiparamitha eziphambili ze-transformer ziquka umlinganiselo wombane, iimpawu ze-frequency, amandla alinganisiweyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

(1）Umyinge wombane

Ubudlelwane phakathi komlinganiselo wamandla ombane n we-transformer kunye nokujika kunye namandla ombane omoya ojikelezileyo kunye nowesibini lungolu hlobo lulandelayo: n=V1/V2=N1/N2 apho i-N1 ingundoqo (engundoqo) ukujija kwesiguquli, i-N2 iyindlela ukujika kwesibini (kwesibini), i-V1 yivoltheji kwiziphelo zombini zomoya ophambili, kwaye i-V2 yi-voltage kuzo zombini iziphelo zomoya wesibini.Umlinganiselo we-voltage n we-step-up transformer ungaphantsi kwe-1, umlinganiselo we-voltage n we-transformer ye-step-down mkhulu kune-1, kwaye umlinganiselo we-voltage we-transformer wokuzihlukanisa ulingana no-1.

(2）Amandla alinganisiweyo P Le parameter isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiziguquli zamandla.Ibhekisela kumandla ophumayo xa i-transformer yamandla inokusebenza ixesha elide ngaphandle kokugqithisa ubushushu obuchaziweyo phantsi kwe-frequency echaziweyo yokusebenza kunye ne-voltage.Amandla alinganisiweyo e-transformer anxulumene nommandla wecandelo le-iron core, i-diameter ye-enamelled wire, njl.

(3）Uphawu lokuphindaphinda I-Frequency character ibhekisa kwinto yokuba isiguquli sinoluhlu oluthile lokusebenza rhoqo, kwaye iziguquli ezinoluhlu lwamaza okusebenza ahlukeneyo azikwazi kutshintshwa.Xa i-transformer isebenza ngaphaya koluhlu lwamaxesha, ubushushu buya kunyuka okanye i-transformer ayiyi kusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.

(4）Ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kubhekiselele kumlinganiselo wamandla aphumayo kunye negunya legalelo le-transformer kumthwalo olinganisiweyo.Eli xabiso lilingana namandla okuphuma kwe-transformer, oko kukuthi, amandla amakhulu okuvelisa i-transformer, iphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle;Incinci imveliso yamandla e-transformer, iyancipha ukusebenza kakuhle.Ixabiso elisebenzayo le-transformer liphakathi kwe-60% kunye ne-100%.

Kumandla alinganisiweyo, umlinganiselo wamandla aphumayo kunye negunya legalelo le-transformer ibizwa ngokuba yi-transformer efficient, oko kukuthi

η= x100%

Aphoη Ngaba ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer;I-P1 yigalelo lamandla kwaye i-P2 yimveliso yamandla.

Xa amandla okuvelisa i-P2 ye-transformer ilingana namandla okufaka i-P1, ukusebenza kakuhleη Ngokulingana ne-100%, i-transformer ayiyi kuvelisa nayiphi na ilahleko.Kodwa enyanisweni, akukho transformer enjalo.Xa i-transformer idlulisela amandla ombane, ihlala ivelisa ilahleko, eyona nto ibandakanya ukulahleka kobhedu kunye nokulahleka kwentsimbi.

Ukulahleka kobhedu kubhekisela ekulahlekeni okubangelwa ukuchasana kwekhoyili ye-transformer.Xa umbane ushushu ngokuxhathisa ikhoyili, inxalenye yamandla ombane iya kuguqulwa ibe ngamandla obushushu kwaye ilahleke.Njengoko ikhoyili ilinyazwa ngokubanzi ngocingo lobhedu olugqunyiweyo, ibizwa ngokuba yilahleko yobhedu.

Ilahleko yentsimbi ye-transformer ibandakanya iinkalo ezimbini.Enye ilahleko ye-hysteresis.Xa i-AC yangoku idlula kwi-transformer, isalathiso kunye nobukhulu bomgca wamagnetic wamandla odlula kwiphepha lensimbi ye-silicon ye-transformer iya kutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo, ibangela ukuba iimolekyuli ezingaphakathi kwiphepha lensimbi ye-silicon zikhuhlane omnye komnye kwaye zikhulule amandla obushushu, ngaloo ndlela ulahlekelwa yinxalenye yamandla ombane, okubizwa ngokuba yi-hysteresis loss.Enye ilahleko yangoku eddy, xa i-transformer isebenza.Kukho umgca wamagnetic wamandla odlula kwi-iron core, kwaye i-current induced iya kuveliswa kwi-plane perpendicular to the magnetic line of force.Ekubeni le yangoku yenza i-loop evaliweyo kwaye ijikeleza kwi-whirlpool shape, ibizwa ngokuba yi-eddy current.Ubukho be-eddy current benza ukuba umbindi wentsimbi ufudumale kwaye utye amandla, okubizwa ngokuba yi-eddy current loss.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-transformer kuhambelana ngokusondeleyo nomgangatho wamandla we-transformer.Ngokubanzi, amandla amakhulu, incinci ilahleko kunye namandla aphumayo, kwaye iphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle.Ngokuchasene noko, amandla amancinci, aphantsi ukusebenza kakuhle.